Guys,
As far as converting a Class 8 ( which is a truck 33,000 and more) to a dump... it first would start with what kind of work your going to be doing or needing. You could go with a 6 wheel truck if your doing small tight work in say customers back yards and your need a short 10' body. Something like a International 4900 or a Pete 330 would be good. As Steve said a Cab and Chassis could be gotten inexpensively. You do want a double frame for this. This is usually a 33,000 to 35,000 lb truck, it will hold about 20K worth of material.. depending on trucks light weight.
Then there is the Tandem trucks having a 14' to 15' body Running somewhere around 53,000 to 55,000 or so. You will probably carry about 25K worth of material again depending on light weight.
Then is the Triaxle having a 16' to 23' body. Runing about 76,000 with overweight permits... this will vary with bridge formulas per state. The calcuations for the formula does include the number of axles, distant between axles and other pieces of information you will probably carry about 30K worth of material. again this will vary by several factors
As far as an off road dump truck and air bags. It is not recomended for most applications. The spring susspension, and this has several names by various vendors, chambers, camelback, hendrick, etc is the better choice by my opinion. If your doing very little off road then air bags are ok, but remeber with any truck. The longer the body the more important the truck is level and flat.
On gearing for the truck, there are some trucks that have low and low low trannies.. your will see them as and example as 8L or 8LL ... with a low gearing in the tranny it can make up for a little higher rear end gear. There is also a 2 speed rear end on some class eights. You mostly find these in 6 wheel trucks. The heavier trucks tend to split the tranny not the rear end.. .. The international that I had was a 4.56 with it in low gear I think that made it a 6.38 or so.... 2 speed rear end
A couple other peices of information. A truck with no sleeper on it is called a day cab. As far as someone saying get a real dump truck. I am not sure what they mean by that exactly.. as you can setup just about any truck how ever you want. I have seen sleeper dump trucks, is it the kind of thing you will see pullling into a backyard of a homeowner in tight area, no. However if you setup what ever truck you want correclty it does not matter if it started off life as a OTR or a city truck or a garbage truck.
The other thing to keep in mind that I don't think I saw anyone talk about is underpowering a truck. This is something to pay attention to also. Never Never underpower a truck for what you plan on doing with it. If you put a 215hp motor in a Triaxle you will lose you mind on going anywhere...
depending on the truck setup I would personally say go with a 230-260 hp on a 6 wheel... the 215 hp that I had on my 4900 was ok.. but when fully loaded going up hill was a little slow...
on a tandem... 300-350hp could be a good range...
on a traxle ... 400+... obviously the more the better..
a nice 600hp motor on a triaxle is sweet...
Most of what I have said is my opinion... so take it like everyone elses opinion...
Jim... on 58 rear.. Mack tend to run them often it seems... on their triaxles...
Pete