Back in early to mid-90's, original low sulphur diesel was blamed for all kinds of ill effects, most of which eventually turned out to be from other causes. One or two that stick in my mind that might have had some modicum of truth was lower lubricity for seals and loss of shock absorbing capacity in exhaust valves. However, with all the fuel that went through the engines under my supervision both off-road, over the road, and stationary during this time, I can not point to a single problem simply involving low sulphur fuel with these or any other problems.
I can point out -- from bad experience -- the problems encountered when bulk tanks are not properly and regularly maintained. I can also preach to the masses about being very careful where you buy your fuel, and who transports it in what. Lets just say that if you do not maintain your tanks, you will suffer consequences, all bad. It will cost you much down time and money, and also cause you to say many bad words in rapid succession. If you use a lot of fuel in large bulk tanks and do not have them tested and cleaned at least once a year, the above will descend upon you and verily, your boss will castigate you severely. The problem with contaminant formation is actually worse in warmer climates than cold.
If you use nearly all the fuel in your on-board tanks or in stationary bulk tanks rapidly, you will have less trouble than those that leave fuel in those tanks for long periods of time. Particularly if the tanks are not full, as that's how you get the most condensation and rust, also bacteria and algae. You can treat the bugs with chemicals, and drain condensation off, but if your tanks are properly situated, you will have a contaminate pool at the bottom end opposite the main outlet that does not get cleared out and it will cause you trouble right after every fill up as it becomes agitated and blended in with the new fuel. Best to let a recently filled tank set for 24 hours to let the contaminants settle out. Everyone does this, right?
If you do not always filter the fuel from your bulk tanks BEFORE it goes into your equipment, you will have trouble, eventually. I can not say enough about filtering fuel these day's before it hits the modern fuel pump and injectors on today's equipment. It's critical and a number one priority.
Back after WWII, the U.S. military decreed that they had to have engines -- via the German example -- that would run on nearly anything, diesel, gas, perfume, vodka, you name it. Thus was born the Continental Multi-Fuel engine that was presented in several different sizes and configurations. In the sixties I operated a number of different military trucks and other pieces of equipment thus equipped, and they ran pretty well with whatever we threw in them. #2 diesel, JP-4, gasoline, kerosene. There didn't seem to be much difference in power between the use of any fuel, and so far as I know, these rigs all ran about the same length of time in hours as any conventional engine configured for only one fuel.
Thus I'd be doubtful and hesitant about using any expensive additive that claims to add lubricity and several other positive attributes to your off the shelf fuel. GM, MTU, International, Deere, Cummins, nor Caterpillar at present recommend using any fuel additives in their engines.
Now, wintertime activities. If you do the above as I've recommended, you will not have much trouble, unless the ambient air temperature drops below about 25 degrees. Then it's time to blend some #1 diesel or straight Kerosene into your tanks either on board or in bulk. Remember, it's not the fuel so much that causes trouble even then, it's water, which causes icing in filters and pinch points in fuel lines and fittings. However, some very waxy fuels will also gel in combination with water, creating a bigger problem.
There are a number of expensive anti-gel additives available to help this, but remember again, they don't do a lick of good if poured in AFTER a freeze up has occurred. The chemicals have to be present and blended in BEFORE the weathers turns cold! Better to buy blended fuel, or blend it yourself instead of the additives, as, for instance, most truck drivers always say if one is good, three or four must be better, eh! But the truth is, more is not better and could cause more difficulty. I suppose that if one only takes an occasional load into cold country, use an additive before going. If you haul or work all winter in cold country, blend your fuel. You don't lose much power, and you gain from up-time and less problems. This does take paying some attention to weather forecasts, an important function for the equipment manager or whomever does the purchasing of fuel.
What I'm saying here, is that given proper care, operation, and PM, what's in a fuel up to this point in time has not had a lot to do with any particular problem, so long as the ingredients did not contain dirt or water. I think the same mostly holds true today with modern engines. Service them properly and on schedule, keep your tanks and filters clean, buy good reputable fuel from an honest distributor, and it's likely you won't need additives or extra special break-down maintenance. I don't believe that ULS diesel presents any special challenges, and I'd accept that it may have lower BTU value, thus lower fuel economy. But so far as the loss of sulphur presenting lubricity problems, I'd have to experience that myself, and I'm not seeing it at present.