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Komatsu D31a-16

BMsuper

Active Member
Joined
Oct 10, 2025
Messages
28
Location
Calabash, NC
Could be internal damage. I'm going to follow the procedure in the operators manual to bleed the angle cylinders and see if it holds. I'll let you know. If I have to I'll pull both cylinders and have them rebuilt. I suppose it could be the control valve too?
 

epirbalex

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Aug 5, 2017
Messages
708
Location
Akitio
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peasant
No, I tilted the blade to the right to align the tilt cylinder with the opening where you would be able to drive the pin out holding the tilt cylinder in. It was blocked in that position in case I needed to remove the tilt cylinder. I now have the tilt cylinder rod out and I am going to heat it and try to bend it straight with a 20 ton press. You may be right about bending as a result of tilting too far to the right. The previous owner had a root rake put on this machine and maybe he used the rake in right tilt position to try to remove stumps and bent it? He was in the tree business. He tried to tell me that this year machine only tilted to the right? I don't believe that, we'll see when I get the tilt rod straight and get it re-installed. I'll post pictures when that's done. Bob
The D31 I used certainly had tilt both sides and plenty of it . Are all the rams the original rams supplied with the dozer ? Unless something is bent or twisted , pins worn or undone like a ram piston there is little to go wrong . Going by the picture there is no internal relief valve on the piston . There is a plug listed as number 26 . That ram is made to travel all the way in and out .

 

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BMsuper

Active Member
Joined
Oct 10, 2025
Messages
28
Location
Calabash, NC
The rams are original. Those are the cylinders I'm having trouble with. It does not go in or out all the way when angling. It seems to push the blade forward working against the tilt cylinder and tilt cylinder rod. There is a procedure to bleed out air in the angle cylinders. I will try that and see if it helps. I don't know if one cylinder pulls while the other pushes out or if the outgoing cylinder is supposed to push the other cylinder in? I will post what I find. Thanks for your reply.
 

BMsuper

Active Member
Joined
Oct 10, 2025
Messages
28
Location
Calabash, NC
I've pretty much given up trying to adjust the angle cylinders. I angled to the left all the way. The left ram was still about 4" out so I cracked the bleeder plug and cracked the hydraulic line feeding the cylinder and manually pulled it back all the way with a come a long. As soon as I started the dozer up it went back to about 4" out. Neither angle cylinder will pull in or extend out all the way and I don't know how to cure that. I called Linder Komatsu in Wilmington, NC and they are going to send a tech out next week to check it out. It anybody else has any ideas on how to adjust these angle cylinders I would really appreciate that information.
 

epirbalex

Senior Member
Joined
Aug 5, 2017
Messages
708
Location
Akitio
Occupation
peasant
I've pretty much given up trying to adjust the angle cylinders. I angled to the left all the way. The left ram was still about 4" out so I cracked the bleeder plug and cracked the hydraulic line feeding the cylinder and manually pulled it back all the way with a come a long. As soon as I started the dozer up it went back to about 4" out. Neither angle cylinder will pull in or extend out all the way and I don't know how to cure that. I called Linder Komatsu in Wilmington, NC and they are going to send a tech out next week to check it out. It anybody else has any ideas on how to adjust these angle cylinders I would really appreciate that information.
I never had any experience with the one I operated with rams moving on their own . Have you checked for internal damage or the control valve . Oil is moving past something .
 

BMsuper

Active Member
Joined
Oct 10, 2025
Messages
28
Location
Calabash, NC
You are probably right. I don't want to start removing things that may not be the problem so I guess I'll wait for the tech to come out. It's frustrating. I must be doing something wrong. The machine runs great and it came with a root rake. My son needs this to work his land. Not right away but in a few months. Problem is it's getting cold here now in NC and it's outside. Thanks for getting back to me, I'll let you know what the problem was after the tech gets here.
 

monkey

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Joined
Aug 4, 2010
Messages
146
Location
lousyana
I've pretty much given up trying to adjust the angle cylinders. I angled to the left all the way. The left ram was still about 4" out so I cracked the bleeder plug and cracked the hydraulic line feeding the cylinder and manually pulled it back all the way with a come a long. As soon as I started the dozer up it went back to about 4" out. Neither angle cylinder will pull in or extend out all the way and I don't know how to cure that. I called Linder Komatsu in Wilmington, NC and they are going to send a tech out next week to check it out. It anybody else has any ideas on how to adjust these angle cylinders I would really appreciate that information.
figure this out yet? I'm having the exact same issue, not tilting left. I use to be able to adjust it by doing the procedure with the block on the right side of the c frame. But doesnt work now. I can do pretty much as you have, but instead of come along I will set the left bottom corner of the blade on a block or something, then tilt blade left, it will suck the left angle cylinder in most the way. But as soon as you go to use it, it goes right back to where it was.
Really aggravating trying to grade without being able to tilt it left also.
Not sure why it quit being able to be adjusted using that block, unless something inside the block is leaking past whatever goes on in there!
 

BMsuper

Active Member
Joined
Oct 10, 2025
Messages
28
Location
Calabash, NC
figure this out yet? I'm having the exact same issue, not tilting left. I use to be able to adjust it by doing the procedure with the block on the right side of the c frame. But doesnt work now. I can do pretty much as you have, but instead of come along I will set the left bottom corner of the blade on a block or something, then tilt blade left, it will suck the left angle cylinder in most the way. But as soon as you go to use it, it goes right back to where it was.
Really aggravating trying to grade without being able to tilt it left also.
Not sure why it quit being able to be adjusted using that block, unless something inside the block is leaking past whatever goes on in there!
The tech has not come out from Wilmington, NC yet. I've done a lot of other needed work while waiting for him. It wasn't charging, a new alternator cured that. I ordered new headlights (24V LED's). Took the spring covers off and cleaned and adjusted the tracks. Ordered new filters, although the oil looks fresh. I am repainting the dozer, have the ROPS off right now. Almost ready to get back to tackling this tilt/angle issue again. I will let you know what I did or if the tech shows up what we did to get the "no left tilt" issue fixed. That's all that needs fixing now and it's ready to go. Bob, Calabash, NC.
 

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BMsuper

Active Member
Joined
Oct 10, 2025
Messages
28
Location
Calabash, NC
I’m having the same issue with my D31A-16. I keep making adjustments via the valve on the right side of the “C”. I’m thinking that I have a poor seal in one of the angle cylinders that allows too much fluid on one of the ends.
The adjustment process is simple to do. View attachment 308601View attachment 308602
Did this angle adjustment procedure work for you? I am having a "no tilt to the left" problem with my D31A-16 and will try this trick to adjust the angle cylinders. I believe the angle cylinders are pushing the blade forward too much to allow the blade to tilt left.
 

BMsuper

Active Member
Joined
Oct 10, 2025
Messages
28
Location
Calabash, NC
Well, I think I've tried everything. I still have no tilt to the left. I believe the angle cylinders are out too far and is pushing the blade forward (trying to bend the tilt rod). I angled the blade left and right. The cylinders do not retract all the way and are longer than the required 760 to 780mm when straight. I even pulled the angle cylinders all the way retracted when angled with a come-a-long and that allowed the blade to tilt left but as I ran the machine the angle cylinders went back to where they were and the blade pitched forward and would not tilt left again. Do you think this is possibly a control valve problem or angle cylinder problem or both? I can use the machine as is but I have no blade tilt to the left.
 

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epirbalex

Senior Member
Joined
Aug 5, 2017
Messages
708
Location
Akitio
Occupation
peasant
Well, I think I've tried everything. I still have no tilt to the left. I believe the angle cylinders are out too far and is pushing the blade forward (trying to bend the tilt rod). I angled the blade left and right. The cylinders do not retract all the way and are longer than the required 760 to 780mm when straight. I even pulled the angle cylinders all the way retracted when angled with a come-a-long and that allowed the blade to tilt left but as I ran the machine the angle cylinders went back to where they were and the blade pitched forward and would not tilt left again. Do you think this is possibly a control valve problem or angle cylinder problem or both? I can use the machine as is but I have no blade tilt to the left.
The rams are made to go to the extent of their travel in both retract and extend . You need to determine all of the components are standard for that dozer , if they are they will be the correct length . I see two shades of yellow .
 

BMsuper

Active Member
Joined
Oct 10, 2025
Messages
28
Location
Calabash, NC
1978 Komatsu D31A-16 Ser. # 25743 Yes, I am cleaning up the machine and used "Cub Cadet Yellow" for paint. These angle cylinders will not retract all the way. They stay out 6 to 8" on both sides. The opposite side does extend out all the way. It pushes the blade forward instead of holding the blade back so the tilt cylinder rod can tilt the blade to the left. They are the original cylinders. The machine has 2900 hours on the clock. The shop manual says you can bleed the angle cylinders and adjust the length of the cylinders to be 760 to 780mm when the blade is straight. I tried to bleed the cylinders according to their instructions but cannot get the cylinders to proper length. I don't know how to "Adjust the cylinders"

See the enclosed pictures. The first one is another D31 just like mine. See how the blade is tilted back toward the machine and the angle cylinders are only slightly extended when the blade is straight. My blade is more straight up and the angle cylinders are more than half way extended, pushing the blade forward not allowing the blade to tilt left and causing the tilt rod to bend.

Not sure what else to do. You are the first guy to tell me that the angle cylinders are supposed to extend and retract all the way. Mine do not retract all the way. The previous owner had a root rake on this machine and may have abused the hydraulics on the front. I guess I'll have to have a Komatsu dealer mechanic come out to figure this out.
 

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HarleyHappy

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Sep 30, 2020
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So NH
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Welder/Mechanic
What happens if you pull the top link pin and try and angle the cylinders left and right?
 

BMsuper

Active Member
Joined
Oct 10, 2025
Messages
28
Location
Calabash, NC
I haven't tried that but if the angle cylinders won't retract all the way I don't think that will affect their motion? I don't know.

I can tell you, if the angle cylinders are disconnected from the blade and the blade is tilted back where I think it should be it will tilt left and right. I took the pins out of the angle cylinders where they connect to the blade, blocked them up out of the way and pulled the top of the blade back with a come-a-long. Then the tilt cylinder rod is angled correctly and the blade tilts left and right as it should.

I've even thought of eliminating the angle cylinders completely, installing adjustable rods where the angle cylinders are. Setting the length at the 760 to 780mm length as recommended in the shop manual. The blade would be tilted back where the tilt cylinder/rod would work as it is designed. I still may do that. I need the tilt feature more than the angle feature. But, it would be nice to have both.
 
Last edited:

HarleyHappy

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Sep 30, 2020
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So NH
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Welder/Mechanic
Something about your whole set up, looks off to me.
I certainly wouldn’t be disconnecting angle cylinders but that’s just me.
 

epirbalex

Senior Member
Joined
Aug 5, 2017
Messages
708
Location
Akitio
Occupation
peasant
1978 Komatsu D31A-16 Ser. # 25743 Yes, I am cleaning up the machine and used "Cub Cadet Yellow" for paint. These angle cylinders will not retract all the way. They stay out 6 to 8" on both sides. The opposite side does extend out all the way. It pushes the blade forward instead of holding the blade back so the tilt cylinder rod can tilt the blade to the left. They are the original cylinders. The machine has 2900 hours on the clock. The shop manual says you can bleed the angle cylinders and adjust the length of the cylinders to be 760 to 780mm when the blade is straight. I tried to bleed the cylinders according to their instructions but cannot get the cylinders to proper length. I don't know how to "Adjust the cylinders"

See the enclosed pictures. The first one is another D31 just like mine. See how the blade is tilted back toward the machine and the angle cylinders are only slightly extended when the blade is straight. My blade is more straight up and the angle cylinders are more than half way extended, pushing the blade forward not allowing the blade to tilt left and causing the tilt rod to bend.

Not sure what else to do. You are the first guy to tell me that the angle cylinders are supposed to extend and retract all the way. Mine do not retract all the way. The previous owner had a root rake on this machine and may have abused the hydraulics on the front. I guess I'll have to have a Komatsu dealer mechanic come out to figure this out.
The pitch looks set far too far toe forward to me , it would have to be set there so guessing they know why they want it there . Looking at the pins on your previous photo's they have been knocked around and badly for such a low hour machine . I notice to that there are two types of pin locks used , that may be standard but looks odd . The only way for a ram not to extend or contract fully is to stop the oil flow. Accepting there are no blocks inside or not enough room to move . When you bled the ram were you letting out oil or letting in air ? An air pocket will stop a ram extending or contracting . Could it be only one angle ram is working ? Both are going to have to be checked either by pulling apart or disconnecting one from the blade ( not the hoses ) and operating the other .
 

BMsuper

Active Member
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Oct 10, 2025
Messages
28
Location
Calabash, NC
Thanks for getting back to me. The only way to set the blade forward angle is to adjust the length of the angle cylinders when they are straight (both evenly extended, blade straight). Newer machines have a straight bar from the C frame to the back of the blade that is adjustable. That keeps the blade from angling forward. Mine has a knuckle and a tilt rod that goes diagonally to the blade. The tilt rod on mine will not keep the blade from pitching forward, it only tilts the blade left and right. The shop manual says the distance from pin to pin on the angle cylinders should be between 760 and 780mm when the blade is straight. They are much longer than that. I think the only way I'm going to find out what is going on is to get the Komatsu service guy here and let him diagnose it.
 

epirbalex

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Joined
Aug 5, 2017
Messages
708
Location
Akitio
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peasant
Thanks for getting back to me. The only way to set the blade forward angle is to adjust the length of the angle cylinders when they are straight (both evenly extended, blade straight). Newer machines have a straight bar from the C frame to the back of the blade that is adjustable. That keeps the blade from angling forward. Mine has a knuckle and a tilt rod that goes diagonally to the blade. The tilt rod on mine will not keep the blade from pitching forward, it only tilts the blade left and right. The shop manual says the distance from pin to pin on the angle cylinders should be between 760 and 780mm when the blade is straight. They are much longer than that. I think the only way I'm going to find out what is going on is to get the Komatsu service guy here and let him diagnose it.
That rod is not original , is it the correct length . There is a range of 20 mm difference between Komatsu's specs , what is your measurement . If nothing is bent , worn and is standard original the measurment should be the same . The rod should not affect the pin to pin measurement . The one I had was set up like this and it's rod had thread showing but was welded solid .
 
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